What is the typical voltage range for a distribution system before transformation?

The typical voltage range for a distribution system before transformation is indeed between 12,500 volts and 69,000 volts. This range is used in medium voltage distribution systems, which connect substations to distribution lines that ultimately serve lower voltage consumers.

In utility systems, voltages of 12,500 volts and above are generally classified as high voltage, and they are used for the efficient transmission of electrical energy over relatively long distances due to their ability to minimize energy losses. When this high voltage reaches substations, transformers are then utilized to step down the voltage to safer levels, such as 120 volts or 240 volts, which can be safely delivered to residential and commercial consumers.

This understanding of voltage classification is crucial for safety and operational efficiency as the system transitions from high voltage transmission to lower voltage distribution.